A microcontroller based design methodology of an automatic solar tracker. The sunlight has been successfully tracked by using various sensors, stepper motor and microcontroller. Two sensors in two directions to sense the direction of maximum intensity of light. Fortunately, even if the weight is large, like philip said, the smaller motor will work fine. It uses 2 unipolar stepper motors and 4 ir850nm leds as sensors to follow the sun maximizing solar panel illumination the entire prototype frame was built from simple, cheap and widely available strip board. We all know sun is the best source of energy source and has been shining since the universe was created. Stepper motor control using avr atmega microcontroller. Stepper motor electromechanical device which converts electrical pulses into discrete mechanical movements. The project has its own 6v powersupply made from five 1. This paper deals with the design and construction of solar tracking system by using a microcontroller, stepper motor, motor driver and solar panel. By using the real time clock microcontroller gives the angle to the stepper motor gets rotating as per given angle of inclination.
Finally, the motor module consists of a stepper motor and motor drive. Energy efficient hybrid dual axis solar tracking system. To present the tracker, a hybrid dualaxis solar tracking system is designed. Solar energy tracking system using at89s52 microcontroller.
Solar tracking battery charger ucf department of eecs. Solar tracking system use stepper motor solar panel. As we all know, energy is an indispensable part of our lives. Feb 21, 2014 efficient solar power generation system using moving panel is a efficientpower generating system using sun light. Hence the sun tracking system can collect more energy. Solar tracking system using microcontroller and steppermotor. Sep 05, 2018 the proposed system consists of atmega328 micro controller, solar panel, light dependent resistors and servo motor. Project report on solar tracking system electrical projects. At the end of the project, a functional solar tracking system was designed and implemented. In this mode only one stator electromagnet is energised at a time.
Solar tracking enables more solar energy to be generated because the solar panel is able to maintain a perpendicular profile to the suns rays. Design and working of single axis solar tracker system using. Hence, the system has been known for catching the maximum sunlight source for highefficiency solar street light applications. In this article we are going to make a sun tracking solar panel using arduino, in which we will use two ldrs light dependent resistor to sense the light and a servo motor to automatically rotate the solar panel in the direction of the sun light. The most important effect of using dc motor with gear mechanism in dual axis tracking system is getting mechanical stability of. Development of dualaxis solar tracking using arduino with. Jan 23, 2010 ermm, actually i also not familiar using stepper motor. The system also displays the voltage generated on lcd display unit. One of the application based circuit that uses a stepper motor for rotating solar panel is described below. This paper describes the design and implementation of an energy efficient solar tracking system from a normal mechanical single axis to a hybrid dual axis. The difference between the outputs of the sensors is given to the microcontroller unit. Automatic solar tracking using ldr and stepper motor based on. Solar tracking system using stepper motor research india.
Interfacing stepper motor with pic microcontroller mikroc. The solar tracker system consists of mostly electrical components. Arduino based sun tracking solar panel project using ldr and. The pv cells, ldr sensor, the leadacid battery, a voltage tracking control board based on pic16f72.
To fabricate a stepper motor control interfaced with driver circuit. The microcontroller is programmed using powerful embedded c language. The solar tracking system in 38 is implemented with an ldr optical sensor that feeds the microchip pic16f87xa processor, which in turn controls a stepper motor. Solar tracking system using stepper motor ankit anuraj1 and rahul gandhi 2 1e203, shree balaji residency, motera, ahmedabad, gujarat. Design and simulation of a sun tracking solar power system. The tracker uses two nema 23 bipolar stepper motors to rotate 2 photovoltaic cells around the altitude and azimuth axes.
Solar tracking system using arduino pratik pawar, ashish yadav, pritam makwana, shubham patil abstract in this paper, a solar tracking system using arduino is designed and built. Pdf design and construction of a microcontroller based. The solar tracking system presented here is tested experimentally. It has 4kb flash memory, 512 bytes of eeprom and 1kb of sram. Battery, microcontroller, sensor, stepper motor, motor driver circuit, limit switch. The stepper motor is connected to the microcontroller. We have developed a solar tracking system using a combination of microcontroller, stepper motor and light dependent resistors ldrs with. A solar tracker is a generic term used to describe. Arduino based prototype automatic solar tracking system is mainly constructed by using. Time based solar tracking automatically adjust the position of solar panel to more optimum position based on time with the help of servo motor connected to solar panel. However the feature of each type of motor is different. The output of the microcontroller is given to this motor through motor driver circuit and hence the motor is rotated accordingly, pointing in the direction of maximum intensity of sunlight.
Arduino uno microcontroller, four ldrs and three stepper motors. To construct a model prototype solar cell movement system with a mechanical assemble to move the panel from 180. Sun tracking solar panel project using microcontroller. The efficiency of a panel determines the area of a panel 14 15.
Index terms solar system, solar panel, microcontroller at89s52, lcd hitachi 44780, l293d motor driver circuit. Pdf microcontroller based solar tracker system using ldrs and. The proposed system consists of atmega328 micro controller, solar panel, light dependent resistors and servo motor. Circuit diagram the circuit design of solar tracker is simple but setting. Features of the designed tracker the attractive feature of the constructed prototype is the software solution of many challenges regarding solar tracking system. The system employs spur gear for the implementation of the dual axis solar tracker. Pdf development and control of a sun tracking system. This project will improve the output of your solar panel by about 40%.
Design and simulation of a sun tracking solar power system dr. This tracking movement is achieved by coupling a stepper motor to the solar panel. By using panels that can be rotated along an axis, with respect to the position of the sun, we can improve the efficiency of conversion by at least 3040%. In our project, we install an encoder at the end of ac motor.
It consists of teeth protruding perpendicular to the circumference of the wheel. Pdf microcontroller based solar tracker system using. Design and construction of a microcontroller based single axis solar tracker innovations in science and engineering. One of the advantages of using a stepper motor over other dcmotors are that it is easier to. The proposed system consists of atmega8 micro controller, solar panel, light dependent resistors and motor driver ic. Nikhil patel 6 described about the automatic solar tracking in all weather conditions with the help of the microcontroller, 7 lpc2148 based improved structure of. N also the stepper motor should be able to rotate a panel or equivalent panel model of around 1 to 2. The real image of the tracking system is shown in figure no 1. Coin based mobile charger using solar tracking system.
Just remember these simple rules about motion control. Microcontroller based solar tracker system using ldrs and stepper motor conference paper pdf available july 2015 with 16,859 reads how we measure reads. Stepper motor functional module and ttdat software program code. Ermm, actually i also not familiar using stepper motor. Jul 19, 2014 solar tracking system using 8051 microcontroller 1.
The system requires a solar panel coupled with a stepping motor to keep tracking the sun and moving according to the maximum sun light received. We have developed a solar tracking system using a combination of micro controller, stepper motor and light dependent resistors ldrs with. For the dual axis rotation we propose the arrangement. It uses 2 unipolar stepper motors and 4 ir850nm leds as sensors to follow the sun maximizing solar panel illumination. With the tracking system, the solar panels outputted. Different techniques have been developed for solar tracking system. In modern solar tracking systems, the solar panels are fixed on a structure that moves according to the position of the sun.
Normally electrical engineering projects for students are quite tough in. Albeit, the price of various solar tracker are still costly because solar tracker is still fresh. Although sun is a very abundant source of power, only a fraction of this entire. This is programmed to detect the sunlight through the. Stepper motor can be easily interfaced with pic microcontroller by using readymade ics such as l293d or uln2003. This is a simple pic microcontroller based solar tracking system, only basic electronics skills are required. Pdf arduino based solar tracking system for energy. The first moves the pv panel in little squares in spherical coordinates, finds the.
Show full abstract control system that allows carrying out solar tracking with two axes using a stepper motor and linear actuator was established through an electronic circuit based on. Intelligent solar tracker system implemented on 8051. Pdf development and control of a sun tracking system based on. This system collects free energy from the sun and stores it in the battery and then converts this energy to the respective alternating current. The power from the sun intercepted by the earth is approximately 1. A microcontroller of 8051 family is used that generates stepped pulses periodically to rotate the panel through stepper motor. The ldr sensors sense the sunlight intensity and send the signal to the microcontroller to. As i said in the article stepper motor or step motor, we have three different types of stepping modes for unipolar stepper motor. Microcontroller based solar tracking system for enhancing. Microprocessor based solar tracking system using stepper motor interfacing with microprocessor. Jun 14, 2012 stepper motor can be easily interfaced with pic microcontroller by using readymade ics such as l293d or uln2003.
To use this kind of motor, we need an encoder to locate the position of the tracker. And i was finished my solar tracker but without any codes please help me 2 x 28 byj48 steper motor and uln2003a step motor driver board 4 x ldr light sensor card these are my pin numbers 4 x ldr up left a0 up right a1 bottom left a2 bottom right a3 2 x stepper motor for vertical move 1n1 pin 11 1n2. We have developed a solar tracking system using a combination of microcontroller, stepper motor and light dependent resistors ldrs with the primary aim of improving the power efficiency of the solar panels. This limits the area of exposure of sunlight on solar panels and efficiency of the solar tracking system involving solar panels. Dc motors with gear arrangement have been used to achieve the desired speed in moving the solar panel. And i was finished my solar tracker but without any codes please help me 2 x 28 byj48 steper motor and uln2003a step motor driver board 4 x ldr light sensor card these are my pin numbers 4 x ldr up left a0 up right a1 bottom left a2 bottom right a3 2 x stepper motor for vertical move. To design an electronic circuit to sense the intensity of light and to control stepper motor driver for the panel movement. Solar tracking system using microcontroller semantic scholar. As i said in the article stepper motor or step motor, we have three different types of stepping modes for unipolar stepper motor note. This instructable will teach you how to create a solar tracker using arduino and raspberry pi 3 model b. Advantage of this project is that solar panel will always follow the sun light will always face. Let us design a solar tracker using two servo motors, a light sensor consisting of four ldrs and arduino uno board. Mar 12, 2017 the overall mechanical and electrical subsystems were integrated into the solar tracker system is shown below. Solar tracking system using stepper motor semantic scholar.
Solar cell, stepper motor, microcontroller, sun light the purpose of this project is to design and construct a solar tracker system that follows the sun. L293d ic having two channels has been used to drive the dc motors. Inertia is reduced by the square of the gearing, so even large loads, as long as they dont need rapid acceleration, can be moved by small motors. This instructable is the translation of another that was originally written in spanish, so i beg your pardon if i have many grammatical errors, if so off id love to suggest me to edit it. Solar panel with sun position tracking nevon projects. We have three tracking algorithms to track the sun. So, i need some guide to construct the motor part for my solar tracker about the 4017, ive asked someone and he said that using 4017 will make it easier and he said that the circuit will have no problem. Solar tracker using 555 timer electronics forum circuits. The amount of rotation was determined by the microcontroller, based on inputs retrieved from four photo sensors located next to solar panel. The main aim of the project is to design one system for automated solar tracking system. Solar tracker, ldr sensors, dc motor, microcontroller. Solar tracking system microcontroller based projects.
Amongst these the most popular and best method to harness solar. Solar tracking system use stepper motor, solar panel tracking system using microcontroller project. Tracking, nonrenewable source, microcontroller, stepper motor. Design and construction of a prototype for solar tracking. The arduino uno is an open source singleboard microcontroller that is based on the. Nowadays, the highest efficiency of solar panel is 19%. A solar panel in unification with a tracking system can provide best results. His paper deals with the research and development of a. We will also learn how to create a graphic user interface using processing. For this we are using 8051 family microcontroller and two ldr for finding the light intensity and stepper motor for rotation of the solar panel. Solar energy is rapidly advancing as an important means of renewable energy resource. The control circuit for the solar tracker is based on an atmega16 microcontroller. It is still a challenge to maximise power output of pv systems in areas that. It has 32k bytes of programmable flash memory, 1k bytes of eeprom and 2k bytes of sram.
Implementation of solar tracker using arduino with servo motor. For optimizing the solar tracking mechanism electromechanical systems were evolved through implementation of different evolutional algorithms and methodologies. The power to the motor is provided by an interfacing ic. The designed prototype requires only two photo resistors to sense the light, which lessens the cost of the system. A algorithm developed with microcontroller using realtime clock time is used to adjust position of solar panel with the help of dc motor. Stepper motor control using programmed 8051 microcontroller. A unipolar stepper motor is being used for rotation in one direction only. Copy this code and upload it to your arduino board. Solar energy is a very large, inexhaustible source of energy. We can harness solar energy by either converting it into electricity using solar cell or using solar thermal energy by means of solar cooker, solar water heater or by using it to heat or cool a room using solar passive systems. The solar tracker can be used for several applications. The entire prototype frame was built from simple, cheap and widely available strip board.
A spur gear is a simplest type of gear and can be seen a lot of applications including clocks and escalators. The power also generated successfully by using solar panel from the sunlight up to the maximum voltage of 9. First of all, lets take a look at the ac asynchronous motor. I have already posted an article on light based solar tracking system. Consists array of solar panels, an inverter, and sometimes a battery and or solar tracker and interconnection wiring. Sun tracking solar panel using arduino nevon projects.
We are implementing one application program using embedded c. Ldrs and then actuate the stepper motor to position the solar panel where it can receive. Microcontroller based solar tracker system using ldrs and. Time based solar tracking system using microcontroller. Design and construction of an automatic solar tracking system. Solar tracking system using pic16f84a stepper motor and 555timer 026 a photo resistor, light dependent resistor ldr or cadmium sulfide cds cell is a resistor whose resistance decreases with increasing incident light intensity. So, the efficiency can be enhancing by using solar tracker. The solar panel tracker is designed to follow the sun movement so that maximum light intensity hits on the solar panel, thus increasing the power efficiency we have designed a singleaxis solar tracking system. Solar tracking system is the most appropriate technology to enhance the efficiency of the solar cells by tracking the sun. Albeit, the price of various solar tracker are still. There are various tools used in preparing these electrical engineering projects where a stepper motor easily accessible by a microcontroller chip, solar tracking system, solar panel, solar batteries etc.
Fabian pineda, and carlos andres arredondo 2011 have. Also, since a panel which is incident to the sun can gather more amount of solar energy, the solar panel is attached to a motor. Solar tracking and automated water pumping system ijert. Pdf microcontroller based solar tracker system using ldrs. Though initial cost of setting up a solar tracking system is high, this paper proposes a cheaper solution. Pdf coin based mobile charger using solar tracking system. Sun tracking solar panel using arduino project is based on arduino controller board which controls the various activities of the project. Just cut it to a required size, widen the holes with screwdriver to fit.
Solar tracking is used to extract more power from solar panels by giving solar panels maximum appearance to sun light. Torque is multiplicative with gearing, so tiny motors can do big jobs, but at a slower pace. Design and construction of a prototype for solar tracking system with single. Sun tracking solar panel project is intended to generate the maximum amount of energy by automatically adjusting the solar panel.
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